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Pregnant and lactating adolescent women are at risk of zinc and copper deficiency but their capacity for metabolic adaptation is poorly known. This study investigated the effect of pregnancy and lactation on zinc and copper metabolism in adolescent women by comparing biochemical indices between groups in different reproductive states.Habitual dietary intake and biochemical indices (zinc, copper, alkaline...
This study examined the effect of a specific acute postprandial leucine deficiency on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in growing and adult rats. Because the anabolic action of dietary leucine supplementation is controversial, except during aging, we hypothesized that the maximum leucine effect might be already achieved for a normal postprandial rise of leucine. Preventing this rise during the 1-...
We studied the coadjuvant capability of oral consumption of the breast-milk–isolated strain Lactobacillus fermentum (CECT5716) for an anti-influenza vaccine.A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled human clinical trial including 50 volunteers (31 male and 19 female) was performed to address the immunologic effects of an intramuscular anti-influenza vaccine in adults (33.0 ± 7.7 y old). Fifty...
This study tested the hypothesis that supplementation of chromium picolinate (CrPic), 200 μg Cr/d, compared with an equivalent amount of picolinic acid (1720 μg) in CrPic and placebo, decreases body weight, alters body composition, and reduces iron status of women fed diets of constant energy and nutrients.We fed 83 women nutritionally balanced diets, used anthropometry and dual x-ray absorptiometry...
We previously reported that women polymorphic for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene were less likely to have cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or 3 (odds ratio [OR] 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21–0.78, P = 0.007). In the present study, we tested whether this protective association is modified by circulating riboflavin status in the same study population.Riboflavin...
We evaluated the impact of the Community Nutrition Project (CNP) of Senegal, West Africa on the population. In poor urban districts, the CNP provided underweight 6- to 35-mo-old children with growth monitoring/promotion and food supplementation, and education for mothers for a period of 6 mo.A before/after intervention and intervention zone (IZ)/control zone (CZ) design was used to assess whether...
We evaluated the effects of folic acid on homocysteine levels and oxidative stress in 46 stable patients on hemodialysis.This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial assessed the effects of 6 mo of 10 mg of folic acid (26 patients) or placebo (20 patients) given three times weekly after each dialysis under nurse supervision on homocysteine levels, total plasma antioxidant capacity, and...
Watermelon is a rich source of citrulline, an amino acid that can be metabolized to arginine, a conditionally essential amino acid for humans. Arginine is the nitrogenous substrate used in the synthesis of nitric oxide and plays an essential role in cardiovascular and immune functions. No detailed studies have been conducted to evaluate plasma arginine response in humans after long-term feeding of...
We investigated the relation between duration of breast-feeding in infancy and the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children at 4 y of age in a well-nourished population of an industrialized country.Data on duration of breast-feeding were collected prospectively from a cohort of 302 children born between 1998 and 1999 in Adelaide, Australia. The IQ of the children was assessed at 4 y of age using the...
Despite substantial progress in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, there are limited data on dietary risk factors. Fatty acid intake may influence community-acquired pneumonia risk by modulating the immune system. Our study prospectively examined the association between fatty acid intake and community-acquired pneumonia risk.The study population included 83165 women from the Nurses’ Health...
We previously reported that higher circulating concentrations of folate are independently associated with a lower likelihood of becoming positive for high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) and of having a persistent HR-HPV infection and a greater likelihood of becoming HR-HPV negative (Cancer Res 2004;64:8788–93). In the present study conducted in the same study population, we tested whether circulating...
The aim of this research was to compare plate with bulk trolley food service in hospitals in terms of patient satisfaction. Key factors distinguishing satisfaction with each system would also be identified.A consumer opinion card (n = 180), concentrating on the quality indicators of core foods, was used to measure patient satisfaction and compare two systems of delivery, plate and trolley. Binary...
We report the case of a 42-y-old morbidly obese woman who presented persistent anemia as result of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The surgical procedure conducted in 1999 consisted of horizontal gastroplasty with truncular vagotomy, Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal anastomosis with an alimentary limb of 60 cm, and cholecystectomy. In 2000 a second surgery (subtotal gastrectomy, i.e., 90%, with a 50-mL gastric pouch)...
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